Table 1 Clinical baseline characteristics of the primary TKA patients

Age (years)

67.0 (63.0, 71.0)

67.0 (63.0, 71.0)

67.5 (63.0, 71.0)

0.621^a

Female (n, %)

1097 (75.9)

925 (76.6)

172 (72.9)

0.225^b

BMI (kg/\({m}^{2}\))

27.1 (25.0 29.5)

27.1 (25.0, 29.6)

27.2 (24.8, 29.4)

0.654^a

Smoking (n, %)

95 (6.6)

79 (6.5)

16 (6.8)

0.892^b

Alcohol drinking (n, %)

98 (6.8)

82 (6.8)

16 (6.8)

0.996^b

Comorbidity history (n, %)

 Hypertension

799 (0.55)

661 (54.7)

138 (58.5)

0.288^b

 Diabetes

269 (18.6)

226 (18.7)

43 (18.2)

0.860^b

 Cerebral infarction

89 (6.2)

75 (6.2)

14 (5.9)

0.343^b

 CAD

149 (10.3)

113 (9.4)

36 (15.3)

0.006^b*

 Atrial fibrillation

16 (1.1)

13 (1.1)

3 (1.3)

0.736^c

 Renal disease

25 (1.7)

22 (1.8)

3 (1.3)

0.785^c

 Liver disease

15 (1.0)

12 (1.0)

3 1.3)

0.723^c

 Varicose Veins in the Legs

113 (7.8)

98 (8.1)

15 (6.4)

0.358^b

 Preoperative DVT

51 (3.5)

40 (3.3)

10 (4.2)

0.478^b

 Preoperative anticoagulant (n, %)

178 (12.3)

140 (11.6)

38 (16.1)

0.054^b

 Preoperative EPO (n, %)

186 (19.8)

264 (21.9)

22 (9.3)

 < 0.001^b