Fig. 5

Serum cytokine levels in patients with KOA. *, p ≤ 0.05; #, p ≤ 0.05; ns, not significant. The red dots represent the Control group; the blue triangles represent the MSC group. IP-10, Interferon gamma-induced protein 10; IL-2, interleukin 2; IL-10, interleukin 10; TNF-α, tumor necrosis factor alpha; MCP-1, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1; MIP-1α, macrophage inflammatory protein-1 alpha