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Fig. 5 | BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders

Fig. 5

From: Treatment of gas-containing lumbar disc cysts via a combination of posterior and extraforaminal approaches in arthroscopic-assisted uni-portal spine surgery: a case report and literature review

Fig. 5

Arthroscopic visualization of the extraforaminal approach. (A) Exposure of the L4 isthmus with a radiofrequency probe (outlined in red). (B) Resection of the lateral facet apex with a burr (outlined in green), exposing the ligamentum flavum overlying the nerve root. (C–E) Comprehensive exposure of the gas-containing cyst encasing the extraforaminal nerve root; adhesions between the nerve root and cyst dissected using a nerve dissector; excision of both intra- and extraforaminal portions of the cyst performed with a nucleus forceps (outlined in green)

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BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders

ISSN: 1471-2474

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