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Table 3 Identification of differences between clusters

From: Motivation to exercise in patients with chronic low back pain

 

cluster

p-value

statistical test

1

2

3

External

1.2 ± 0.4a, b

3.8 ± 1.2a, c

1.5 ± 0.6b, c

< 0.001

Median

Introjected

2.4 ± 0.8a, b

4.7 ± 0.9a

4.3 ± 1.1b

< 0.001

ANOVA

Identified

5.2 ± 0.9a

5.2 ± 1.2b

6.6 ± 0.5a, b

< 0.001

Median

Intrinsic

3.8 ± 0.9a

4.2 ± 1.0b

5.6 ± 0.8a, b

< 0.001

ANOVA

RAI

8.0 ± 2.3a, b

1.4 ± 4.1a, c

10.6 ± 2.5b, c

< 0.001

KW

age

57.0 ± 14.7

61.8 ± 17.1

53.4 ± 12.7

0.105

ANOVA

Duration of pain

7.4 ± 7.9a

12.5 ± 8.1a, b

7.9 ± 9.6b

0.029

KW

Previously completed physiotherapy sessions

4.8 ± 4.2a

10.5 ± 8.7a, b

5.0 ± 5.5b

0.045

KW

BMI

29.4 ± 5.0

31.6 ± 5.9a

27.5 ± 5.0a

0.018

ANOVA

RMQ

6.4 ± 3.6a

11.5 ± 4.9a, b

8.1 ± 4.6b

0.005

KW

Sex

 

 female

18

10

39

0.443

Pearson

 male

14

5

17

Education level

 

 Primary

5

4

6

0.500

Pearson

 Secondary

20

9

34

 University

7

2

16

Financial distress

 

 no

29

14

53

0.862

Fisher

 yes

3

1

3

  1. Groups with same superscript are statistically significantly different
  2. Median - Mood’s median test, KW - Kruskal- Wallis test, duration of pain – in years